Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Systems

CHAPTER 1

Introduction to Computer Systems

1.1 Basic Definitions

1.2 Computer structure

1.1 Basic Definitions

• What is a computer system?

Is a set of parts, including the computer itself, that work together to perform tasks includes a monitor, keyboard, mouse and the computer itself. Together, these help you to carry out a variety of tasks such as write letters, play games and surf the internet. We are looking at the design of systems that are run by computers - they are 'computer-based'.

• What is a computer?

It is an electronic device which consists of many components also, computer is responsible on executing instructions.

• What is a program?

Program is a series of instructions given to the computer to be executed in the CPU.

• What is an algorithm?

It is a procedure for calculations.

• What is hardware?

Hardware is the physical part of the computer components.

•   What is software?

It is a set of programs used to operate the computer and it devices.

• What is a program execution?

It is an execution of the instructions given by the user to the computer.

1.2 Computer structure

Most of the computer consists of three basic components which is input/output, process, Storage

1.   Input: it is the instruction given by the user to the computer to get executed.

Example:

-         Mouse

-         Keyboard

-         Scanner

 

2.   Process: receiving instructions from input devices and being execute them then send them to output.

Example:

-         CPU.

3.   Storage: is a slot in the memory to store data in it.

Example:

-         RAM.

-         Flash memory.

-         Hard Disk.

 

4.   Output: receiving information from the presses and display them in variety of forms.

Example:

-         Monitor

-         Printer.

-         Speaker.